Standard Time Scenario in the Production System Dynamics.

The standard time gives a measure of how long it takes a process or workpiece to pass through each operation. It is mainly established by work measurement methodology giving the time allowed to an operator to carry out a specified task under specified conditions and defined level of performance. This definition may be with respect to a task (a job element or an activity) or a product (consisting of many tasks). In the latter case, which is the main thrust of this work, as one job element passes through different resource (work) centres, another job element of subsequent ones will immediately follow and this will continue until the last job element is completed as a whole, this means value added at each work centre. This scenario will affect the level of inventory in the system and the level of inventory in the system depends on the type of production system and configuration (series, parallel or a combination of both) adopted. This too will affect the standard time for a single product (one-off), single product (mass produced), mixed or different products which may utilize assembly line philosophy and products in batches even with backtracking. Different examples have been used to highlight this scenario with different approaches developed which have gone a long way to improve on the solution techniques of the existing models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]