Chemical synthesis of Mg0.8Zn0.2SmxFe2−xO4 nanoparticles structural characterization, optical studies, electromagnetic properties, and applications.

This study focuses on the use of nano ferrites with the chemical formula Mg_0.8Zn_0.2Sm_xFe_2−xO₄ (x = 0.0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.015, 0.02, and 0.025) prepared through the citrate-gel auto-combustion (CGAC) method. The analysis of nanoparticles with a cubic spinel structure involved the use of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and various imaging techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM & EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV–visible absorption spectroscopy. The crystallite size ranges from 96.4 to 719.0 nm, and the lattice parameter a (Å) ranges from 8.44 to 8.38, decreasing with the size of the nano ferrites. FTIR spectrometer frequency ranges from 559.5 to 772.0 was confirmed. We analyzed the material's thermo-electric and electrical properties, finding a Curie temperature range of 423–613 and activation energy values of 0.002–0.001 for both E_P and E_F. We used a VSM to assess retentivity value, magnetization, coercivity, and hysteresis loops, yielding valuable insights into the material's properties. The conduction in the present ferrites was majorly due to the grain boundary mechanism, which was confirmed through impedance analysis. Ferrite samples exhibit a high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss, rendering them the optimal option for electromagnetic devices functioning at high frequencies. The study also highlighted the importance of the Mg–Zn–Sm nanoparticle structural DC resistivity and DC conductivity, as well as the VSM room temperature. Spinel ferrite is a versatile material that can be used in magnetic memories, high-frequency, and electronic devices due to its unique properties like DC electrical resistivity and conductivity. In the case of the inverse spinel structure of magnesium iron oxide, the octahedral site is preferred by magnesium cations with a higher probability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]