Impact of implementing large-scale social restrictions due to COVID-19 on ambient air quality in Yogyakarta parameters SO2, NO2, and CO.

World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global health emergency due to the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) which has spread uncontrollably around the world1. To limit the spread of the pandemic, governments in countries around the world have imposed various restrictions, which have led to a reduction in the movement of people, a decrease in transportation (roads and flights), and even a halt to industrial activities2. The Indonesian government is pursuing various policies to avoid an increase in the spread of Covid-19 since the case was detected in Indonesia. One of the government's policies is to issue regulations so that people reduce activities outside the home known as Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB). This study analyzes data from the results of air quality testing in Yogyakarta from the Ministry of Environment (KLH), the number of students, teachers, lectures, and government employee working in schools, university, and governments. The data is data in 2020 at the time of the Covid-19 Pandemic and is compared with data in 2019 before the Covid-19 pandemic occurred. Based on the circular letter of the Governor of the Special Region of the employee on duty is regulated with a composition of at least 50% working in the office and a maximum of 50% working at home. There are 538,605 students at the high school and university levels in Yogyakarta who has experienced the impact of the implementation of the PSBB. The regional employees in the Special Region of Yogyakarta is a 50% decrease. The Community Mobility Trends Report shows that there has been a significant decline in social activities outside the home since late February. The decrease in mobility and the decrease in community activities outside the home affect the air quality in the Yogyakarta City environment. This can be proven by an increase in ambient air quality in Yogyakarta City in 2020. This is indicated by a decrease in SO2, NO2, and CO levels in the air in the Yogyakarta environment. Based on data from the Yogyakarta City Environment Service, there was a decrease in SO2 by 45%, NO2 by 68.7%, and CO by 12.5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]