Czasowniki odnoszące się do obraźliwych aktów mowy w historii polszczyzny.

The article concerns verbs naming offensive speech acts and their variability in the development of the Polish language. I discuss units that: (1) function from the earliest times to this day in an unchanged sense; (2) were confirmed in the Middle Polish era, but in the later stages of the development of the Polish language they were completely withdrawn from use or underwent significant semantic changes; (3) appeared in the Polish language after the 15^th century. Some of them have not survived to our times, while others have been successfully adopted in the Polish language and are also used in the 21^st century. This huge and semantically and structurally diverse collection confirms that acts of linguistic aggression are a very common and timeless phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]