Evaluation of Antithrombin-II Deficiency and Factor V Leiden Mutation in Patients with Stroke in Young Patients.

Objective: To evaluate Antithrombin II and Factor V Leiden mutation in stroke among young patients and its association with various socio-demographic aspects. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Pak-Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Dec 2020. Methodology: A total of 103 individuals, aged 18-65 years, with acute ischemic stroke were included. The diagnosis was confirmed using computed tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging Brain scan. Plasma AT II activity and Factor V Leiden mutation were analyzed using standard techniques. Various socio demographic features like age, gender, body mass index, smoking, deployment at High altitude (>10,000 feet), family history of stroke and hyperlipidemia were recorded and statisticaly analyzed. Results: Only two (1.9%) patients had AT II deficiency while one (0.9%) patient showed Factor V Leiden mutation. Al patients were male. Working at high altitude, family history of stroke and tobacco smoking were related with the presence of low AT II levels (p-value <0.05). Conclusion: Testing for hypercoagulable states in the seting of stroke in young may be useful if there is family history of stroke, smoking and high-altitude deployment. Investigations to search for the cause should be tailored as per individual patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]