Advancements in neurotherapeutics: nanoparticles overcoming the blood–brain barrier for precise CNS targeting.

Overcoming the blood–brain barrier (BBB) remains a substantial challenge in CNS drug delivery. This review explores the potential of lipid-based nanoparticles (NPs) such as liposomes and solid lipid NPs to overcome this obstacle. As demonstrated in preclinical studies, these lipid-based NPs exhibit the capacity to breach the BBB via receptor-mediated transcytosis and surface modifications. By capitalizing on enhanced permeability and retention, they ensure efficient transport and accumulation within the brain, which has profound implications in neuroscience and therapeutics. Lipid-based NPs facilitate targeted drug delivery to specific brain regions, enhance therapeutic outcomes, and minimize off-target effects. Combining NPs with techniques such as ultrasound or gene editing shows promise for addressing transport challenges. However, realizing their full potential demands further research, including scalable manufacturing, understanding the long-term CNS fate, and establishing reliable BBB models. These advancements promise secure and effective utilization of lipid-based NPs in CNS therapeutics, ultimately advancing patient care and neuroscience. In conclusion, this review highlights the significant potential to overcome the BBB and enable effective CNS drug delivery. The unprecedented opportunities presented by these NPs have the potential to revolutionize the treatment of neurological disorders, heralding a new era of therapeutic interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]