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Cinnamic Acid, Perillic Acid, and Tryptophan Metabolites Differentially Regulate Ion Transport and Serotonin Metabolism and Signaling in the Mouse Ileum In Vitro.
- Source :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Jun2024, Vol. 25 Issue 12, p6694, 16p
- Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Phytochemicals and tryptophan (Trp) metabolites have been found to modulate gut function and health. However, whether these metabolites modulate gut ion transport and serotonin (5-HT) metabolism and signaling requires further investigation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of selected phytochemicals and Trp metabolites on the ion transport and 5-HT metabolism and signaling in the ileum of mice in vitro using the Ussing chamber technique. During the in vitro incubation, vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) reduced (p < 0.05) the short-circuit current, and 100 μM chlorogenic acid (CGA) (p = 0.12) and perillic acid (PA) (p = 0.14) had a tendency to reduce the short-circuit current of the ileum. Compared with the control, PA and N-acetylserotonin treatment upregulated the expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (Tph1), while 100 μM cinnamic acid, indolelactic acid (ILA), and 10 μM CGA or indoleacetaldehyde (IAld) treatments downregulated (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels of Tph1. In addition, 10 μM IAld or 100 μM ILA upregulated (p < 0.05) the expression of monoamine oxidase A (Maoa). However, 10 μM CGA or 100 μM PA downregulated (p < 0.05) Maoa expression. All selected phytochemicals and Trp metabolites upregulated (p < 0.05) the expression of Htr4 and Htr7 compared to that of the control group. VMA and CGA reduced (p < 0.05) the ratios of Htr1a/Htr7 and Htr4/Htr7. These findings may help to elucidate the effects of phytochemicals and Trp metabolites on the regulation of gut ion transport and 5-HT signaling-related gut homeostasis in health and disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 16616596
- Volume :
- 25
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 178186122
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126694