Fucoidan ameliorates amyloid-β 42 oligomer-induced neuronal apoptosis by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and MAPK cascades in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.

Background: Fucoidan, a polysaccharide derived from brown seaweed, has multiple biological properties, including antioxidant, antitumor, anticoagulant, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, there are few reports on their neuroprotective effects. Objective: This study is about the neuroprotective effects of fucoidan against Aβ42-induced neuronal apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Methods: The protective effects of fucoidan against cell death by Aβ42 were measured with FDA/PI and Hoechst 33342 staining and immunoblotting about apoptosis-related proteins. Results: In this study, fucoidan activated autophagy by regulating the expression of autophagy markers, significantly upregulating the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and downregulating cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3. Moreover, fucoidan improved Aβ42-induced neuronal apoptosis by activating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, Hoechst 33342 staining showed that fucoidan diminished the level of the apoptotic nuclei in Aβ42-induced SH-SY5Ycells. Conclusion: This study proposes fucoidan as a potential therapeutic candidate for AD treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]