Integrated landscape management: theoretical paradigm, practice framework, and application.

Integrated landscape management is a timely answer to China's missions of achieving ' harmony between humanity and nature ' and ' synergistic high-quality development of social-economic-natural complex ecosystems.' It is also a theoretical and practical framework for achieving the goals of ecological restoration, farmer livelihood improvement, and the synergistic improvement of the quality of the natural landscape and the well-being of residents. Following the concept of ecological and livelihood inclusive development and based on the theoretical and practical achievements of integrated landscape management overseas, this study provides a new perspective for the modernization of China's ecological governance system and governance capacity through the analysis of semantic structure, value logic, the theoretical paradigm, the action framework, and the practice of integrated landscape management. The main findings include: First, integrated landscape management is a strategic framework for synergistically achieving the multiple goals of agricultural production, ecosystem conservation, sustainable natural resource management, and human health and well-being. Second, integrated landscape management is a direct manifestation of the concept that ' lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets,' a concrete practice of ' production space-living space-ecological space' coordination, the best way to enhance ' ecological security-production security-livelihood security,' and a governance system that achieves ' top-down' and 'bottom-up' integration and adaptation. Third, integrated landscape management is a composite logic of ecological governance with multi-objective synergy, multi-objective dialogue, multi-scale interaction, multi-action connectivity, and multi-link adaptation. Fourth, integrated landscape management is an ecological governance system action consisting of identifying the list of problems and related subjects, clarifying action goals and governance measures, designing management programs and support mechanisms, and implementing integrated actions and assessments. Based on the above conclusions, this study embeds the theoretical paradigm and action framework of integrated landscape management in the context of the operational practice of the Grain to Green Program in China, reflects scientifically on the possible improvement directions of the Grain to Green Program, and provides practical examples for integrated landscape management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]