Optimizing ex vitro one‐step RUBY‐equipped hairy root transformation in drug‐ and hemp‐type Cannabis.

This article discusses the optimization of an ex vitro one-step hairy root transformation method in drug- and hemp-type cannabis using the RUBY system. Cannabis is a versatile plant species that has gained attention in medical research and industry due to recent legalization. The concentration of the cannabinoid Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) determines the legal categorization of cannabis as hemp-type or drug-type. The study presents a new method for transforming cannabis roots using the RUBY system, which allows for the visual identification of transformed roots. The results show that the transformation efficiency varied based on the bacterial strain and seed type, with drug-type cannabis exhibiting higher transformation rates. This ex vitro method offers simplicity, speed, and reduced contamination risk, making it suitable for the efficient production of secondary metabolites in cannabis. [Extracted from the article]