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The role of circulating T cells with a tissue resident phenotype ex-TRM) in health and disease.
- Source :
- Frontiers in Immunology; 2024, p01-07, 7p
- Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Tissue-resident memory T cells (T<subscript>RM</subscript>) are long-lived memory lymphocytes that persist in non-lymphoid tissues and provide the first line of defence against invading pathogens. They adapt to their environment in a tissue-specific manner, exerting effective pathogen control through a diverse T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and cytolytic proteins. More recently, several studies have indicated that T<subscript>RM</subscript> can egress from the tissue into the blood as so-called " ex-T<subscript>RM</subscript>, or circulating cells with a T<subscript>RM</subscript> phenotype". The numerically small ex-T<subscript>RM</subscript> population can re-differentiate in the circulation, giving rise to new memory and effector T cells. Following their egress, ex-T<subscript>RM</subscript> in the blood and secondary lymphoid organs can be identified based on their continued expression of the residency marker CD103, alongside other T<subscript>RM</subscript>-like features. Currently, it is unclear whether exit is a stochastic process, or is actively triggered in response to unknown factors. Also, it is not known whether a subset or all T<subscript>RM</subscript> are able to egress. Ex-T<subscript>RM</subscript> may be beneficial in health, as mobilisation of specialised T<subscript>RM</subscript> and their recruitment to both their site of origin as well as distant tissues results in an efficient distribution of the immune response. However, there is emerging evidence of a pathogenic role for ex-T<subscript>RM</subscript>, with a suggestion that they may perpetuate both local and distant tissue inflammation. Here, we review the evidence for the existence of ex-T<subscript>RM</subscript> and examine their potential involvement in disease pathogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- T cells
T cell receptors
PHENOTYPES
IMMUNOLOGIC memory
STOCHASTIC processes
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 16643224
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 177593457
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1415914