The mediating role of capital on deposit insurance and financial stability: evidence from Islamic and conventional banks.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the interaction between bank capital and explicit deposit insurance scheme (DIS) on the financial stability of Islamic and conventional banks. Design/methodology/approach: The author's sample covers 52 Islamic and 108 conventional banks operating in 12 countries over the period 2000–2021 using the random-effects generalized least squares (RE-GLS) regression technique. Findings: The author's results reveal that bank capital negatively mediates the relationship between explicit DIS and the financial stability of both Islamic and conventional banks. Additionally, explicit DIS has a positive impact on the financial stability of conventional banks. However, the results are mixed for Islamic banks, as the effect of explicit DIS is positive for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region but negative for the South and Southeast Asia (SSA) region. Finally, the interaction between explicit DIS and the COVID-19 pandemic has a negative effect on conventional banks operating in the MENA region, while it has a positive effect on Islamic banks operating in the SSA region. Research limitations/implications: The findings of this paper have important implications for regulators in evaluating DIS policies and in anticipating any potential adverse consequences that might arise for both Islamic and conventional banks in normal and crisis times. Policymakers should strive to preserve the benefits of DIS while mitigating the destabilizing effects of its interaction with capital ratios. Originality/value: This study introduces a novel aspect by examining the mediating role of capital in the relationship between explicit DIS and the financial stability of Islamic and conventional banks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]