DRIVING THE OCEAN "PUMP"--FORMATION OF DENSE WATER IN THE ANTARCTIC.

This article provides an overview of the formation of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), which is the densest layer of water at the bottom of the ocean. AABW is created around Antarctica through the production of sea ice caused by freezing temperatures and strong winds. This dense and salty water sinks to the ocean floor, driving the circulation of ocean waters globally. The article highlights the potential impact of climate change and melting ice sheets on AABW formation, which could in turn affect global ocean circulation, climate patterns, and marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Satellite observation is used to study sea-ice production and identify polynyas, which are areas of open water surrounded by sea ice and play a crucial role in AABW formation. The article also includes profiles of young reviewers and the authors of the article. [Extracted from the article]