POTENTIAL INHIBITORY ACTIVITIES OF CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS ALKALOIDS ON PTP-1B IN RELATION TO ENHANCING INSULIN USAGE FOR TYPE II DIABETES TREATMENT.

Even with the emergence of hypoglycaemic drugs, diabetes mellitus remains one of the major endocrine and metabolic disorders, affecting approximately 10% of the global population. It stands among the top five global causes of death. Type II diabetes has been managed by using a variety of plant extracts. Due to the side effects of taking insulin and oral hypoglycaemic drugs, patients are growing more and more interested in natural products with antidiabetic properties. Ancient societies made widespread use of Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) and other herbal plants as therapeutic therapies to treat Type-II Diabetes mellitus. C. roseus extract has been demonstrated in several tests to dramatically lower blood glucose levels. Studies examining the genetic make-up of people, animals and cells have shown that Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B (PTP-1B) is an enzyme that functions as a negative regulator of the insulin signalling pathway by removing phosphate groups from certain tyrosine residues on insulin receptor substrates (IRS). PTP-1B inhibitors have been examined in an effort to boost glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. This study focuses on the alkaloid which exhibits the most potent activity in hampering PTP-1B and less cytotoxicity in overseeing the insulin signaling pathway. It also uses Auto Dock bioinformatic tools for demonstrating the mechanism of potential inhibitory activities of four alkaloids of C. roseus in the active sites of PTP-1B, namely vindoline I, vindolidine II, vindolicine III and vindolinine IV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]