Identification of architectural and engineering faults in ship design and remedial measures.

Every year several ships sink in the ocean because of storms and other reasons. The ship design system must be integrated inter-communicating with all components of the system. The design of architecture, civil engineering, electronic sub-systems, mechanical engineering, metallurgical engineering, and more especially the telecommunications must be formulated in one unified system. This paper tries to classify the ship-design and faults of the systems and sub-systems and how to be updated for safety. Moreover, it focuses on various architectural and engineering faults in ship design during manufacturing. The ship design is required to be flexible to accommodate new updates after factory-made. Naval architecture relies on mechanics, material strength, and structure design. The mission of a ship is determined by its deployment, cargo, cruising radius, operating, maximum speed, mobilization, passengers, and safety. A strong computerized telecommunication system is essential for all ships, integrated architecture with all devices electronic sub-systems. All the devices used in ship design must be consistent and in conformity with applicable disciplines of engineering and telecommunications to form unified and integrated system. The strong system operated via satellite is required to be installed for safety. The Geographical Information System (GIS) and Global Climatology system help ports and ship navigation of the locations, hazards, high winds, and storms. As a final point, the results are reported as the recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]