PEDIATRIC HYDROCEPHALUS: LITERATURE REVIEW.

Aim of the study: studying the literature review about the etiology, classification, particularities of clinical evolution, diagnosis and treatment of pediatric hydrocephalus. Materials and methods: A systematic search was conducted using various databases, including Google Search, Hinari, PubMed, Z-library, NCIB, and Medscape. The search criteria included access to full-text articles, reports, books, and book chapters, focusing on pediatric hydrocephalus. Articles published within the last decade were included. Data were synthesized to highlight key clinical, diagnostic, and treatment aspects of pediatric hydrocephalus. Additionally, the bibliographies of relevant publications were reviewed to identify additional sources Outcomes: Timely diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for optimizing outcomes in pediatric hydrocephalus. Long-term prognosis varies depending on factors such as the severity of the condition and the effectiveness of treatment interventions. Complications like shunt malfunction, infections, and neurological deficits can impact overall prognosis significantly. Shunt malfunction, if left untreated, can lead to increased intracranial pressure and brain herniation. Similarly, shunt infections can result in life-threatening conditions such as meningitis and sepsis. Neurological deficits arising from hydrocephalus, such as motor and cognitive impairments, can profoundly affect a child's quality of life. Early intervention with rehabilitative therapies is vital for maximizing developmental potential and promoting independence. In summary, the prognosis for pediatric hydrocephalus hinges on factors like early detection, effective management of complications, and access to rehabilitative care. Multidisciplinary collaboration among healthcare professionals is essential for improving outcomes and enhancing the quality of life for affected children. Conclusions: Pediatric hydrocephalus presents complex challenges in diagnosis and management. This abstract highlights the importance of understanding its multifactorial etiology, diverse clinical manifestations, and tailored treatment approaches. Comprehensive care involving multidisciplinary teams is essential for improving outcomes in pediatric patients with hydrocephalus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]