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The Hull Cutoff condition for magnetic insulation in crossed-field electron devices in the presence of a slow-wave structure.
- Source :
- Journal of Applied Physics; 3/7/2024, Vol. 135 Issue 9, p1-12, 12p
- Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Crossed-Field Vacuum Electron Devices are ubiquitous in the High-Power Microwave field in either an oscillator/source or amplifier variant. A typical configuration consists of a magnetically insulated laminar electron flow in an anode–cathode gap with crossed electric (∝ V , voltage) and magnetic (B-) fields and a series of open resonant cavities/vanes located on the anode block that serve as a slow-wave structure (SWS). The SWS slows the phase velocity of the electromagnetic signal down so that the wave becomes synchronous with a layer of the electron flow but is often neglected when calculating the Hull magnetic field necessary to insulate the electrons. In particular, the guiding design equation for the critical cutoff B-field assumes a smooth anode wall. In this paper, we show that such an assumption severely narrows the operating regime in B–V space and that upon inclusion of a revised Hull Cutoff condition taking into account the SWS, operation at lower B and higher V is possible. This revised Hull Cutoff criterion for magnetic insulation in crossed-field devices is corroborated by Particle-in-Cell simulations using CST Particle Studio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- LAMINAR flow
ELECTRONS
PHASE velocity
MAGNETIC fields
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00218979
- Volume :
- 135
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Applied Physics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 175915479
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0167421