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A Transdiagnostic Study of Effort-Cost Decision-Making in Psychotic and Mood Disorders.
- Source :
- Schizophrenia Bulletin; Mar2024, Vol. 50 Issue 2, p339-348, 10p
- Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Background Research suggests that effort-cost decision-making (ECDM), the estimation of work required to obtain reward, may be a relevant framework for understanding motivational impairment in psychotic and mood pathology. Specifically, research has suggested that people with psychotic and mood pathology experience effort as more costly than controls, and thus pursue effortful goals less frequently. This study examined ECDM across psychotic and mood pathology. Hypothesis We hypothesized that patient groups would show reduced willingness to expend effort compared to controls. Study Design People with schizophrenia (N = 33), schizoaffective disorder (N = 28), bipolar disorder (N = 39), major depressive disorder (N = 40), and controls (N = 70) completed a physical ECDM task. Participants decided between completing a low-effort or high-effort option for small or larger rewards, respectively. Reward magnitude, reward probability, and effort magnitude varied trial-by-trial. Data were analyzed using standard and hierarchical logistic regression analyses to assess the subject-specific contribution of various factors to choice. Negative symptoms were measured with a clinician-rated interview. Study Results There was a significant effect of group, driven by reduced choice of high-effort options in schizophrenia. Hierarchical logistic regression revealed that reduced choice of high-effort options in schizophrenia was driven by weaker contributions of probability information. Use of reward information was inversely associated with motivational impairment in schizophrenia. Surprisingly, individuals with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder did not differ from controls. Conclusions Our results provide support for ECDM deficits in schizophrenia. Additionally, differences between groups in ECDM suggest a seemingly similar behavioral phenotype, reduced motivation, could arise from disparate mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- JOB involvement
BIPOLAR disorder
REPEATED measures design
DATA analysis
RESEARCH funding
HUMAN research subjects
SCHIZOAFFECTIVE disorders
QUESTIONNAIRES
PROBABILITY theory
LOGISTIC regression analysis
DECISION making
AFFECTIVE disorders
GOAL (Psychology)
SCHIZOPHRENIA
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
REWARD (Psychology)
MOTIVATION (Psychology)
INFORMED consent (Medical law)
HYPOTHESIS
ANALYSIS of variance
STATISTICS
PSYCHOSES
PSYCHOLOGICAL tests
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors
PATHOLOGICAL psychology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 05867614
- Volume :
- 50
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Schizophrenia Bulletin
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 175912875
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad155