Glycosides with galloyl groups from Balakata baccata and their antineuroinflammatory activities.

Seven new glycosides (1 − 7) with galloyl groups and two known kaempferol glycosides (8 and 9) were obtained from the overground parts of Balakata baccata. The structures of the new compounds were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses. The rarely seen allene moiety in compounds 6 and 7 were described by detailed analysis of 1D and 2D NMR data. The antineuroinflammatory effect of all the isolates was assessed through inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV-2 microglial cells. Compounds 1, 2, 6, and 7 showed potent inhibitory activities with IC₅₀ values of 25.7, 17.2, 15.5 and 24.4 μM, respectively, compared with the positive control minocycline (IC₅₀ = 16.1 μM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]