Online-learning task scheduling with GNN-RL scheduler in collaborative edge computing.

With the development of collaborative edge computing (CEC), the manufacturing market is gradually moving toward large-scale, multi-scenario, and dynamic directions. The existing scheduling strategies based on machine learning or deep learning are only applicable to specific scenarios, which is difficult to meet the requirements of dynamic real-time scheduling in multiple scenarios. The proposed digital twin technology provides a new solution for real-time scheduling of multiple scenarios. In this paper, a digital twin-oriented multi-scene real-time scheduler (GNN-RL) is proposed. This scheduler converts task sequences into node trees and sets up two learning layers. The first layer is an online learning representation layer, which uses GNN to learn node features of embedded structures in real time to boost large instances without additional training. The second layer is the online learning policy layer, which introduces imitation learning mappings into optimal scheduling behavior policies adapted to multiple scenarios. Finally, our approach is validated in several scenarios in 3D digital twin factories, such as computationally intensive, delay-sensitive, and task-urgent scenarios. Since the scheduler proposed in this paper learns general features of the embedding graph rather than instance-specific features, it has good generality and scalability, with good generalization and scalability, outperforming other scheduling rules and schedulers on various benchmarks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]