The Effects of Corona Stimulation on the Osseointegration of Dental Implants: An Experimental Study.

Aim: Currently, one of the most promising research areas in dental implantology is the exploration of additional procedures to reduce loading time for implants and enhance osseointegration in cases of poor bone quality. Various techniques have been researched and developed for stimulating bone production, including electrical stimulation of the jawbone and surrounding tissues. However, there is limited research on the direct relationship between electrostimulation and osseointegration. This experimental study aims to investigate the effects of corona stimulation (CS) on the rate and quality of osseointegration, as well as its potential to reduce the waiting period for dental implants. Material and Method: In this experimental protocol, 32 dental implants were inserted into the tibia of four male sheep bilaterally. Implants on the right tibia of each male sheep underwent CS treatment, while the other side served as a control group without any stimulation. The animals were sacrificed on the 15th and 30th days after implantation. Bone segments containing the implants were processed using a noncalcified method. It assessed new bone formation and osseointegration around the dental implants using the undecalcified method and histomorphological analysis. An experienced blinded investigator measured percentages of mineralized bone-implant contact (BIC), bone area (BAr), and bone perimeter (BPm) to evaluate the bone-implant interface. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 21 for Windows, with a significance level set at p<0.05. Results: The histomorphometric parameters revealed a significant increase in BIC, BAr, and BPm values in the CS group compared to the control group on both the 15th and 30th days (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in BIC ratio between the second and fourth stimulation groups. Conclusion: The findings of this experimental study suggest that CS may have a positive impact on the early osseointegration period of dental implants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]