Diesel particulate matter aggravates cyclophosphamide-induced testicular toxicity in mice via elevating oxidative damage.

Background: Diesel particulate matter (DPM) induces several adverse effects on humans upon exposure. Objectives: In this study, we looked into the impact of DPM exposure on testicular toxicity brought on by cyclophosphamide in mice including spermatogenesis and oxidative damage. Results: The CP treatment reduces testicular weight and sperm motility and increases sperm abnormalities, such as amorphous head formation. Histopathological examination of CP-treated mouse testes revealed various morphological alterations in the testis, including an increased incidence of exfoliation of spermatogenic cells, degeneration of early spermatogenic cells, vacuolation of Sertoli cells, and a decreased number of spermatogonia/spermatocytes/spermatids, along with a high number of apoptotic cells. Moreover, the testes exhibited reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and catalase activity, and also increased malondialdehyde concentration. Meanwhile, DPM exposure exacerbated the testicular histopathological alterations induced by CP. The DPM exposure also aggravated oxidative damage by decreasing GSH levels in the testis. Conclusion: These results suggest that DPM exposure exacerbates CP-induced testicular toxicity in mice, which might be attributable to the reduced antioxidant activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]