Efficacy of a Solution Containing 33% Trichloroacetic Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide in Decontaminating Machined vs. Sand-Blasted Acid-Etched Titanium Surfaces.

This in vitro study assessed the efficacy of a solution containing 33% trichloroacetic acid (CCl₃COOH; TCA) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in decontaminating machined (MAC) and sand-blasted acid-etched (SBAE) titanium surfaces. A total of 80 titanium disks were prepared (40 MAC and 40 SBAE). Streptococcus sanguinis and Enterococcus faecalis strains were incubated on 36 samples, while the remaining 44 were kept as controls. Roughness analysis and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate the surface features before and after TCAH₂O₂ treatment. The viability of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) after TCAH₂O₂ decontamination was assessed with a chemiluminescent assay along with cell morphology through fluorescent staining. TCAH₂O₂ preserved the surface topography of MAC and SBAE specimens. It also effectively eradicated bacteria on both types of specimens without altering the surface roughness (p > 0.05). Also, no significant differences in protein adsorption between the pristine and TCAH₂O₂-treated surfaces were found (p = 0.71 and p = 0.94). While ASC proliferation remained unchanged on MAC surfaces, a decrease was observed on the decontaminated SBAE specimens at 24 and 48 h (p < 0.05), with no difference at 72 h (p > 0.05). Cell morphology showed no significant changes after 72 h on both surface types even after decontamination. This study suggests TCAH₂O₂ as a promising decontamination agent for titanium surfaces, with potential implications for peri-implant health and treatment outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]