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Evaluation of programmed cell death ligand 1 expression in a contemporary cohort of penile squamous cell carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathologic and survival parameters: A study of 134 patients.
- Source :
- American Journal of Clinical Pathology; Jan2024, Vol. 161 Issue 1, p49-59, 11p
- Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Objectives Penile squamous cell carcinomas (PCs) are rare malignancies with a dismal prognosis in a metastatic setting; therefore, novel immunotherapeutic modalities are an unmet need. One such modality is the immune checkpoint molecule programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). We sought to analyze PD-L1 expression and its correlation with various clinicopathologic parameters in a contemporary cohort of 134 patients with PC. Methods A cohort of 134 patients with PC was studied for PD-L1 immunohistochemistry. The PD-L1 expression was evaluated using a combined proportion score with a cutoff of 1 or higher to define positivity. The results were correlated with various clinicopathologic parameters. Results Overall, 77 (57%) patients had positive PD-L1 expression. Significantly high PD-L1 expression was observed in high-grade tumors (P =.006). We found that 37% of human papillomavirus (HPV)–associated subtypes and 73% of other histotype tumors expressed PD-L1, while 63% of HPV-associated tumors and 27% of other histotype tumors did not (odds ratio, 1.35; P =.002 when compared for HPV-associated groups vs all others). Similarly, PD-L1–positive tumors had a 3.61-times higher chance of being node positive than PD-L1–negative tumors (P =.0009). In addition, PD-L1 high–positive tumors had a 5-times higher chance of being p16<superscript>ink4a</superscript> negative than PD-L1 low–positive tumors (P =.004). The PD-L1–positive tumors had a lower overall survival and cancer-specific survival than PD-L1–negative tumors. Conclusions Overall, PD-L1 expression is associated with high-grade and metastatic tumors. Lower PD-L1 expression is observed more frequently in HPV-associated (warty or basaloid) subtypes than in other, predominantly HPV-independent types. As a result, PD-L1 positivity, including higher expression, portends lower overall and cancer-specific survival. These data provide a rational for further investigating PD-L1–based immunotherapeutics in PC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00029173
- Volume :
- 161
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- American Journal of Clinical Pathology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 174980181
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqad107