Energy storage device sizing and energy management in building‐applied photovoltaic systems considering battery degradation.

This study aims to develop an optimization strategy for determining the optimal type and capacity of batteries in a building‐applied photovoltaic system, taking into account battery degradation, consumption profiles, and regional solar irradiation. Key performance indicators such as peak shaving, savings, net present value, self‐consumption, return on investment, and payback period are examined. The best trade‐off among these indicators is determined using the fuzzy decision‐making method. A study was conducted using real data from Kpenergy Company, focusing on a building with a 50 kW photovoltaic system located in Stockholm. Three cases were examined in MATLAB software, each categorized based on the type of contract between the utility (Vattenfall Company) and the subscriber. The results of these case studies highlight the effectiveness of the proposed optimization approach. Using the proposed approach, optimal batteries are determined, minimizing subscriber costs while maximizing profit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]