Diagnóstico temprano de preñez y de pérdidas gestacionales en bovinos.

The article discusses different methods for the early diagnosis of pregnancy and gestational losses in cattle. The difficulties in detecting embryonic mortality and the limitations of available methods are mentioned. Three categories of early pregnancy detection tests are described, including rectal palpation, ultrasonography, and Doppler ultrasonography. It is suggested that determining the concentrations of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG) in serum samples on day 31 of gestation can predict late embryonic mortality with 95% accuracy. Biomarkers such as progesterone, interferon-tau stimulated genes (ISG), and circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are also discussed. Additionally, the importance of both maternal and paternal contributions to pregnancy loss is mentioned, and the development of markers to identify bulls with high or low pregnancy loss is suggested. [Extracted from the article]