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Boron removal through precipitation softening in presence of ettringite.
- Source :
- Desalination & Water Treatment; Oct2023, Vol. 309, p165-170, 6p
- Publication Year :
- 2023
-
Abstract
- Boron is frequently present in wastewater from hydrocarbon production, briefly referred as produced water. Boron at high levels is toxic, especially to plants. It makes challenging produced water reuse. State-of-the-art boron removal processes need specific operations resulting in an increase of water treatment train complexity and cost. Among these, we recall reverse osmosis, adsorption on chelating resins and precipitation softening in presence of magnesium in large excess. Ettringite is a calcium-aluminum sulfate hydroxide, Ca<subscript>6</subscript>A<subscript>l2</subscript>(SO<subscript>4</subscript>)<subscript>3</subscript>(OH)<subscript>12</subscript>·26H<subscript>2</subscript>O, reported as an effective boron adsorbent. The experimentation described in this paper deals to boron removal through precipitation softening in conditions promoting the formation of ettringite. The first-stage-reverse-osmosis permeate from an Italian oil-and-gas site was used as raw water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- ETTRINGITE
BORON
WATER reuse
REVERSE osmosis
OIL field brines
WATER softening
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19443994
- Volume :
- 309
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Desalination & Water Treatment
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 173955329
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2023.29989