Grounding system impedance influence on the surge arrester frequency-dependent model parameters using PSO-GWO algorithm.

Purpose: This paper aims to focus on the inclusion of the frequency behavior of grounding system effect on surge arrester (SA) model parameters' estimation. Design/methodology/approach: The grounding system impedance and its frequency behavior are the factors that have influence on the SA performance. Up to now, the grounding system impedance effect and the frequency behavior of the soil parameters have not been studied for the estimation of the parameters of the SA frequency-dependent model. In this paper, the grounding system's influence on the SA dynamic model has been simulated for rod- and counterpoise-shaped electrodes. Particle swarm optimization with a grey wolf optimization algorithm has been implemented as an optimization algorithm to adjust the parameters of the SA dynamic model. Findings: The results show that the frequency behavior of the grounding impedance and soil electrical parameters can impress the optimum parameters of the SA frequency-dependent model and should be considered for more reliable results. Also, the results evidence that the proposed optimization method provides more accurate results compared to other optimization methods. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this work is one of the first attempts to investigate the effect of frequency grounding system on SA frequency-dependent model parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]