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The evolution of hot Jupiters revealed by the age distribution of their host stars.

Authors :
Di-Chang Chen
Ji-Wei Xie
Ji-Lin Zhou
Subo Dong
Jia-Yi Yang
Wei Zhu
Chao Liu
Yang Huang
Mao-Sheng Xiang
Hai-Feng Wang
Zheng Zheng
A-Li Luo
Jing-Hua Zhang
Zi Zhu
Source :
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America; 11/7/2023, Vol. 120 Issue 45, p1-32, 39p
Publication Year :
2023

Abstract

The unexpected discovery of hot Jupiters challenged the classical theory of planet formation inspired by our solar system. Until now, the origin and evolution of hot Jupiters are still uncertain. Determining their age distribution and temporal evolution can provide more clues into the mechanism of their formation and subsequent evolution. Using a sample of 383 giant planets around Sun-like stars collected from the kinematic catalogs of the Planets Across Space and Time project, we find that hot Jupiters are preferentially hosted by relatively younger stars in the Galactic thin disk. We subsequently find that the frequency of hot Jupiters declines with age as FHJ / exp(-0:20 ± 0:06 ± t Gyr). In contrast, the frequency of warm/cold Jupiters shows no significant dependence on age. Such a trend is expected from the tidal evolution of hot Jupiters' orbits, and our result offers supporting evidence using a large sample. We also perform a joint analysis on the planet frequencies in the stellar agemetallicity plane. The result suggests that the frequencies of hot Jupiters and warm/cold Jupiters, after removing the age dependence are both correlated with stellar metallicities as FHJ / 101:6+0:3 -0:3-[Fe=H] and FWJ=CJ / 101:1+0:2 -0:3-[Fe=H], respectively. Moreover, we show that the above correlations can explain the bulk of the discrepancy in hot Jupiter frequencies inferred from the transit and radial velocity (RV) surveys, given that RV targets tend to be more metal-rich and younger than transits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
00278424
Volume :
120
Issue :
45
Database :
Complementary Index
Journal :
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
173580441
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2304179120