The oscillatory fingerprints of self‐prioritization: Novel markers in spectral EEG for self‐relevant processing.

Self‐prioritization is a very influential modulator of human information processing. Still, little is known about the time‐frequency dynamics of the self‐prioritization network. In this EEG study, we used the familiarity‐confound free matching task to investigate the spectral dynamics of self‐prioritization and their underlying cognitive functions in a drift‐diffusion model. Participants (N = 40) repeatedly associated arbitrary geometric shapes with either "the self" or "a stranger." Behavioral results demonstrated prominent self‐prioritization effects (SPEs) in reaction time and accuracy. Remarkably, EEG cluster analysis also revealed two significant SPEs, one in delta/theta power (2–7 Hz) and one in beta power (19–29 Hz). Drift‐diffusion modeling indicated that beta activity was associated with evidence accumulation, whereas delta/theta activity was associated with response selection. The decreased beta suppression of the SPE might indicate more efficient sensorimotor processing of self‐associated stimulus–response features, whereas the increased delta/theta SPE might refer to the facilitated retrieval of self‐relevant features across a widely distributed associative self‐network. These novel oscillatory biomarkers of self‐prioritization indicate their function as an associative glue for the self‐concept. This EEG study reports time‐frequency markers of self‐prioritization in a familiarity‐confound reduced matching task, in which arbitrary geometric shapes were associated with the self or a stranger. The self‐prioritization effect was evident in behavioral indices and in two EEG clusters in delta/theta power and beta power. Going beyond previous work, these EEG clusters were linked to evidence accumulation and response caution in the drift‐diffusion model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]