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Construction of pseudorabies virus variant attenuated vaccine: codon deoptimization of US3 and UL56 genes based on PRV gE/TK deletion strain.

Construction of pseudorabies virus variant attenuated vaccine: codon deoptimization of US3 and UL56 genes based on PRV gE/TK deletion strain.

Authors :
Mengwei Xu
Laixu Zhu
Aimin Ge
Yamei Liu
Saisai Chen
Ziwen Wei
Yating Zheng
Ling Tong
Zhisheng Wang
Rongmei Fei
Jichun Wang
Chuanjian Zhang
Source :
Frontiers in Microbiology; 2023, p1-14, 14p
Publication Year :
2023

Abstract

Since 2011, pseudorabies based on the pseudorabies virus (PRV) variant has emerged as a serious health issue in pig farms in China. The PRV gE/TK or gE/gI/TK deletion strains protect against emerging PRV variants. However, these variants may cause lethal infections in newborn piglets without PRV antibodies. Previous studies have shown that codon deoptimization of a virulence gene causes virus attenuation. Accordingly, we deoptimized US3-S (US3 gene encoding a short isoform that represents approximately 95% of the total US3 transcription) and UL56 genes (first 10 or all codons) of PRV gE/TK deletion strain (PRV<superscript>ΔTK&gE-AH02</superscript>) to generate six recombinant PRVs through bacterial artificial chromosome technology. In swine testicular cells, recombinant PRVs with all codon deoptimization of US3-S or UL56 genes were grown to lower titers than the parental virus. Notably, US3-S or UL56 with all codon deoptimization reduced mRNA and protein expressions. Subsequently, the safety and immunogenicity of recombinant PRVs with codon deoptimization of US3-S or UL56 are evaluated as vaccine candidates in mice and piglets. The mice inoculated with recombinant PRVs with codon deoptimization of US3-S or UL56 showed exceptional survival ability without severe clinical signs. All codons deoptimized (US3-S and UL56) significantly decreased virus load and attenuated pathological changes in the brains of the mice. Moreover, the protection efficiency offered by recombinant PRVs with codon deoptimization of US3-S or UL56 showed similar effects to PRV<superscript>ΔTK&gE-AH02</superscript>. Remarkably, the 1-day-old PRV antibody-negative piglets inoculated with PRV<superscript>ΔTK&gE</superscript>-US3-S<superscript>T-CD</superscript> (a recombinant PRV with all codon deoptimization of US3-S) presented no abnormal clinical symptoms, including fever. The piglets inoculated with PRV<superscript>ΔTK&gE</superscript>-US3-S<superscript>T-CD</superscript> showed a high serum neutralization index against the PRV variant. In conclusion, these results suggest using codon deoptimization to generate innovative live attenuated PRV vaccine candidates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1664302X
Database :
Complementary Index
Journal :
Frontiers in Microbiology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
173207563
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1248573