Employing a local framework and GIS to evaluate the flood risk index maps of Makassar City, Indonesia.

Flooding is a prevalent natural disaster in major cities throughout Indonesia. Over the past decade, Makassar City has experienced a severe increase in flood risk due to rapid and poorly controlled urbanization, as well as significant environmental degradation. The lack of reliable country-level flood hazard mapping at the sub-district level, coupled with limited local information and inadequate urban flood mitigation planning, further exacerbates the risk for residents. This paper aims to evaluate the vulnerability of social, physical, economic, and environmental aspects in the impacted areas of Makassar City to floods. The study employs a local methodological framework and geographic information system (GIS) to discern differences in flood risk levels across various areas. Leveraging available statistical and spatial data from the major flood that occurred in 2013, the research utilizes GIS spatial and temporal analysis to generate individual indicators and scores them using relevant parameters for vulnerability assessment in the local context. By combining the spatial parameters of the vulnerability index and flood hazard index, the study analyzes each component of the risk index and creates an overall risk index map. The distribution forms of specific risk levels and the percentage of risk areas for each sub-district are then examined. This analysis provides valuable insights to the local government, enabling better urban risk mitigation planning and accurate prioritization of necessary actions for each zone in Makassar City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]