Effect of nano particle additive on biodiesel fuel in diesel engines: A review.

Nano particle - new technology additives used within biodiesel fuel have been developed through generations in order to improve diesel engines (DE) performance while reducing the emission causing the environmental pollution. This comprehensive review is conducted to investigate the effect of nano particle additives on biodiesel fuel in diesel engines. Due to high demand in increasing the emission standards especially from International Maritime Organization (IMO), it has captivated the authors interest in developing the use of nano particle towards biodiesel fuel because of the ability to reduce exhaust emission of diesel engines. The results show the addition of nano particles in B20 and were auspicious where it reduced carbon oxide (CO), nitrogen oxide (NOx), low heat release rate (HRR), and lower brake thermal efficiency (BTE). Altogether, the authors have compiled several research papers that contain overview of biodiesel fuel, types of nano particle, effect on exhaust emission and diesel engine performance, and lastly advantages of using nano particles in biodiesel fuel. Hence, the findings are provided for future research opportunities and clear understanding of nano particle technology in improving DE fuel performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]