Study of the performance of PVD & CVD type cutting tools in the machining of shafts with AISI 1018 steel.

The study presents a clear interest, to demonstrate the relationship that exists between the surface roughness, the temperature and the material of the cutting tool. The Nowadays, in the metalworking industry, different types of machining are performed with different materials and in different CNC machines; therefore, cutting tool wear is a common problem when machining serial parts, which implies continuous machine stoppage due to insert changes. The present study was carried out in order to analyze the performance of the cutting tool using inserts with physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machining of shafts with AISI 1018 steel using different cutting speed parameters, with constant cutting depth as well as feed rate, depending on these parameters the roughness and temperature obtained are analyzed. In this way it was determined that the cutting tool with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has a better performance both in surface finish with 2.0 roughness (better surface finish) [Ra] and temperature of 32 [°C] with cutting speed from 170 [m/min] to 240 [m/min]. Meanwhile the tool with physical vapor deposition (PVD) using the same parameters shows a slight increase in roughness levels in specimens P3 and P7 with cutting speed of 190 [m/mm] and 230 [m/mm] respectively, then the roughness is maintained at an average of 3.31 [Ra] and constant temperature in the range of Vc from 170 to 240 [m/min]. After analyzing the tests, it was determined that the coating with chemical vapor deposition shows a better surface finish compared to the coating with physical vapor deposition, when working in conditions with cutting speed from 170 [m/min] to 240 [m/min] maintaining a constant temperature of 31 [°C]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]