Back to Search
Start Over
Characterization of Bovine Intraepithelial T Lymphocytes in the Gut.
- Source :
- Pathogens; Sep2023, Vol. 12 Issue 9, p1173, 20p
- Publication Year :
- 2023
-
Abstract
- Intraepithelial T lymphocytes (T-IELs), which constitute over 50% of the total T lymphocytes in the animal, patrol the mucosal epithelial lining to defend against pathogen invasion while maintaining gut homeostasis. In addition to expressing T cell markers such as CD4 and CD8, T-IELs display T cell receptors (TCR), including either TCRαβ or TCRγδ. Both humans and mice share similar T-IEL subsets: TCRγδ<superscript>+</superscript>, TCRαβ<superscript>+</superscript>CD8αα<superscript>+</superscript>, TCRαβ<superscript>+</superscript>CD4<superscript>+</superscript>, and TCRαβ<superscript>+</superscript>CD8αβ<superscript>+</superscript>. Among these subsets, human T-IELs are predominantly TCRαβ<superscript>+</superscript> (over 80%), whereas those in mice are mostly TCRγδ<superscript>+</superscript> (~60%). Of note, the majority of the TCRγδ<superscript>+</superscript> subset expresses CD8αα in both species. Although T-IELs have been extensively studied in humans and mice, their profiles in cattle have not been well examined. Our study is the first to characterize bovine T-IELs using flow cytometry, where we identified several distinct features. The percentage of TCRγδ<superscript>+</superscript> was comparable to that of TCRαβ<superscript>+</superscript> T-IELs (both ~50% of CD3<superscript>+</superscript>), and the majority of bovine TCRγδ<superscript>+</superscript> T-IELs did not express CD8 (CD8<superscript>−</superscript>) (above 60%). Furthermore, about 20% of TCRαβ<superscript>+</superscript> T-IELs were CD4<superscript>+</superscript>CD8αβ<superscript>+</superscript>, and the remaining TCRαβ<superscript>+</superscript> T-IELs were evenly distributed between CD4<superscript>+</superscript> and CD8αβ<superscript>+</superscript> (~40% of TCRαβ<superscript>+</superscript> T-IELs each) with no TCRαβ<superscript>+</superscript>CD8αα<superscript>+</superscript> identified. Despite these unique properties, bovine T-IELs, similar to those in humans and mice, expressed a high level of CD69, an activation and tissue-retention marker, and a low level of CD62L, a lymphoid adhesion marker. Moreover, bovine T-IELs produced low levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IFNγ and IL17A, and secreted small amounts of the immune regulatory cytokine TGFβ1. Hence, bovine T-IELs' composition largely differs from that of human and mouse, with the dominance of the CD8<superscript>−</superscript> population among TCRγδ<superscript>+</superscript> T-IELs, the substantial presence of TCRαβ<superscript>+</superscript>CD4<superscript>+</superscript>CD8αβ<superscript>+</superscript> cells, and the absence of TCRαβ<superscript>+</superscript>CD8αα<superscript>+</superscript> T-IELs. These results provide the groundwork for conducting future studies to examine how bovine T-IELs respond to intestinal pathogens and maintain the integrity of the gut epithelial barrier in animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- T cells
T cell receptors
BOS
TUBERCULOSIS in cattle
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20760817
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Pathogens
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 172413378
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091173