Parameter Estimation and Analysis of Photovoltaics through a Hybrid Emperor Penguin Optimisation Approach under Different Environmental Constraints.

The estimation of mathematical model parameters of solar photovoltaic (PV) establishes as one of the most prominent problems highlighted in recent researches. Various techniques in the literature employ experimental data and information from the manufacturer's datasheet for the solution, where precise and highly consistent solution identification is still a multifaceted issue to be addressed. In this paper, a novel Emperor Penguin Optimiser (EPO)-based hybrid approach is inducted for the estimation of single-diode PV model (SDM) parameters that are analysed under diverse sets of environmental constraints. The validity of the proposed method is reflected in the analysis of the operating characteristics namely power–voltage (P–V) and current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of multicrystalline and polycrystalline modules under numerous simulations conditions. In addition, the measured results are compared with the test data and a few speculative strategies developed in the literature and reflect the proposed process with more direct results that reduced the computational cost of the PV parameter extraction problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]