Markers of Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease.

Abstract—This review describes the role of peripheral blood biomarkers involved in neurodegeneration and neuroregeneration in Parkinson's disease: BDNF, Cathepsin D, NSAM, myeloperoxidase, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), a chemokine that is regulated upon activation, normal T cell expression and secreted (RANTES), and intercellular adhesion molecules (sICAM-1). These biomarkers are important indicators of biological processes and are promising for early diagnosis, the prognosis of the disease, and the development of new possibilities for modifying therapy for Parkinson's disease, as they are associated with neuroprotective and neurotrophic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]