TRAJEKTORIE KAPITALIZMU (KAPITAŁOCENU) IDEOLOGIE POWIEŚCI PRZEMYSŁOWYCH I ŚRODOWISKOWYCH.

The paper contains an interpretation of selected industrial and environmental novels of the Positivism and Young Poland. Ideologies of the pieces are defined with the discourses of anthropocene and capitalocene. The dynamic development of capitalism in the second part of the 19^th century found its expression in literature. Authors of Polish industrial and environmental novels--Artur Gruszecki, Stefan Żeromski, and Ignacy Maciejowski (Sewer)--represented various ideological stances. In their approach-es to the mechanisms of capitalist industry they most often criticised the economy based on misuse of working force, and on exploitation of nature (deposits of coal and petroleum). Gruszecki in his novels Krety (Moles) and Hutnik (Steelworker) as well as Żeromski in Ludzie bezdomni (Homeless People) disguised the capitalist logic, showing its destructive influence on a man and natural environment. The sharpest criticism of capitalocene and anthropocene is found in Żeromski's novel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]