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Intra-urban Variations of the CO2 Fluxes at the Surface-Atmosphere Interface in the Seoul Metropolitan Area.

Authors :
Hong, Seon-Ok
Kim, Jinwon
Byun, Young-Hwa
Hong, Jinkyu
Hong, Je-Woo
Lee, Keunmin
Park, Young-San
Lee, Sang-Sam
Kim, Yeon-Hee
Source :
Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences; Aug2023, Vol. 59 Issue 4, p417-431, 15p
Publication Year :
2023

Abstract

Severe spatiotemporal heterogeneity of emissions sources and limited measurement networks have been hampering the monitoring and understanding of CO<subscript>2</subscript> fluxes in large cities, a great concern in climate research as big cities are among the major sources of anthropogenic CO<subscript>2</subscript> in the climate system. To understand the CO<subscript>2</subscript> fluxes in Seoul, Korea, CO<subscript>2</subscript> fluxes at eight surface energy balance sites, six urban (vegetation-area fraction < 15%) and two suburban (vegetation-area fraction > 60%), for 2017–2018 are analyzed and attributed to the local land-use and business types. The analyses show that the CO<subscript>2</subscript> flux variations at the suburban sites are mainly driven by vegetation and that the CO<subscript>2</subscript> flux differences between the urban and suburban sites originate from the differences in the vegetation-area fraction and anthropogenic CO<subscript>2</subscript> emissions. For the CO<subscript>2</subscript> fluxes at the urban sites; (1) vehicle traffic (traffic) and heating-fuel consumption (heating) contribute > 80% to the total, (2) vegetation effects are minimal, (3) the seasonal cycle is driven mainly by heating, (4) the contribution of heating is positively related to the building-area fraction, (5) the annual total is positively (negatively) correlated with the commercial-area (residential-area) fraction, and (6) the traffic at the commercial sites depend further on the main business types to induce distinct CO<subscript>2</subscript> flux weekly cycles. This study shows that understanding and estimation of CO2 fluxes in large urban areas require careful site selections and analyses based on detailed consideration of the land-use and business types refined beyond the single representative land-use type widely-used in contemporary studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
19767633
Volume :
59
Issue :
4
Database :
Complementary Index
Journal :
Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
169946001
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13143-023-00324-6