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Review article: Large fluctuations in non-equilibrium physics.

Authors :
Jona-Lasinio, Giovanni
Source :
Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics; 2023, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p253-262, 10p
Publication Year :
2023

Abstract

Non-equilibrium is dominant in geophysical and climate phenomena. However the study of non-equilibrium is much more difficult than equilibrium, and the relevance of probabilistic simplified models has been emphasized. Large deviation rates have been used recently in climate science. In this paper, after recalling progress during the last decades in understanding the role of large deviations in a class of non-equilibrium systems, we point out differences between equilibrium and non-equilibrium. For example, in non-equilibrium (a) large deviation rates may be extensive but not simply additive. (b) In non-equilibrium there are generically long-range space correlations, so large deviation rates are non-local. (c) Singularities in large deviation rates denote the existence of phase transitions often not possible in equilibrium. To exemplify, we shall refer to lattice gas models like the symmetric simple exclusion process and other models which are playing an important role in the understanding of non-equilibrium physics. The reasons why all this may be of interest in climate physics will be briefly indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
10235809
Volume :
30
Issue :
2
Database :
Complementary Index
Journal :
Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
168591086
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-30-253-2023