Annona muricata Leaf Extract Modulates Chloramphenicol-Induced Lymphoma in Female Wistar Rats.

Chloramphenicol, an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections, is also implicated in several conditions, including aplastic anaemia that progresses to leukaemia. The modulatory potential of leaf extract of Annona muricata on chloramphenicol-induced lymphoma (CIL) in female Wistar rats was investigated. Forty-eight adult female rats with an average weight of 186 g were randomized into 6 groups of 8 rats each. Rats in Group 1 served as the positive control. Each rat in Groups 2-6 was orally administered with 250 mg/kg bodyweight chloramphenicol once daily for 28 days. The rats were given access to basal diet and water. After 28 days, blood-film analyses were carried out from each of the groups. The presence of blast and lymphoproliferative cells in Groups 2-6 confirmed CIL. Groups 1 and 2 rats received distilled water, while Groups 3-6 received 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 mg/kg, respectively, of A. muricata for another 28 days. The animals were anesthetized, blood was collected from the retro-orbital venous plexus for determination of haematological indices; oxidative stress markers; lactate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, malondialdehyde, cardiac markers; Troponin-1, myoglobin, cancer indices; C-reactive protein, carcinoembryonic antigen, Alpha-fetoprotein. There was significant (p<0.05) amelioration of impaired haematological indices in the treated groups when compared to Group 2. Troponin-I and myoglobin were significantly (p<0.05) lowered in the treated groups when compared to Group 2. Oxidative stress markers and cancer indices were increased in Group 2, but significantly (p<0.05) ameliorated in Groups 3-6. Therefore, A. muricata has the potential to modulate adverse effects of CIL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]