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Sex differences across developmental domains among children with a familial risk of severe mental disorders.
- Source :
- Psychological Medicine; Jun2023, Vol. 53 Issue 8, p3628-3643, 16p
- Publication Year :
- 2023
-
Abstract
- Background: Sex differences in brain structure and neurodevelopment occur in non-clinical populations. We investigated whether sex had a similar effect on developmental domains amongst boys and girls with a familial risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ), bipolar disorder (FHR-BP), and controls. Methods: Through Danish registries, we identified 522 7-year-old children (242 girls) with FHR-SZ, FHR-BP, and controls. We assessed their performance within the domains of neurocognition, motor function, language, social cognition, social behavior, psychopathology, and home environment. Results: FHR-SZ boys compared with FHR-SZ girls had a higher proportion of disruptive behavior and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and exhibited lower performance in manual dexterity, balance, and emotion recognition. No sex differences were found between boys and girls within FHR-BP group. Compared with controls, both FHR-SZ boys and FHR-SZ girls showed impaired processing speed and working memory, had lower levels of global functioning, and were more likely to live in an inadequate home environment. Compared with control boys, FHR-SZ boys showed impaired manual dexterity, social behavior, and social responsiveness, and had a higher proportion of ADHD and disruptive behavior disorder diagnoses. Stress and adjustment disorders were more common in FHR-BP boys compared with control boys. We found no differences between FHR-BP girls and control girls. Conclusions: Impairment within neurodevelopmental domains associated within FHR-SZ boys v. FHR-SZ girls was most evident among boys, whereas no sex differences were found within the FHR-BP group (FHR-BP boys v. FHR-BP girls). FHR-SZ boys exhibited the highest proportion of early developmental impairments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- SCHIZOPHRENIA risk factors
MENTAL illness risk factors
MENTAL illness genetics
HOME environment
CHILD development
COGNITION
LANGUAGE & languages
SEX distribution
SEVERITY of illness index
RISK assessment
BEHAVIOR disorders
ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder
PATHOLOGICAL psychology
SOCIAL skills
EMOTIONS
BIPOLAR disorder
MOTOR ability
DISEASE risk factors
CHILDREN
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00332917
- Volume :
- 53
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Psychological Medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 164382894
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291722000265