Analysis of TIMSS-oriented reasoning questions in junior high school.

Students' mathematical thinking ability is still relatively low since students have not been able to form arguments and draw conclusions from answers. One of the efforts to develop students' reasoning abilities is to construct reasoning topics focusing on TIMSS. This paper aims twofold: 1) analyze the application of TIMSS-oriented thinking questions in junior high school and 2) test the effect of TIMSS-oriented thinking questions on improving students' mathematics learning outcomes. The type of research was Research and Development (R&D). This paper employed quantitative research. The data were collected through questionnaires and learning outcomes tests. Data analysis techniques were carried out with fixed comparison and N-gain test. The research results showed that 1) the development of TIMSS-oriented thinking questions was feasible for learning mathematics. TIMSS-oriented reasoning topics were declared feasible by materials experts, with an average of 91%. Student responses were given an average score of 0.76. 2) The advanced TIMSS-oriented reasoning questions enabled students to improve their mathematical performance by taking the 0.58-point N-Gain test in the intermediate category. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]