NEW CONTACT ALLERGENS AND EXPOSURES IN THE HOME AND ENVIRONMENT: AN UPDATE.

New chemicals are continually being introduced in consumer products such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, textiles, tattoo inks, rubber materials and footwear. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) arising from new sensitisers in such items is a frequent problem in daily practice, and a correct diagnosis is often difficult. In this overview we provide a practical update illustrated by clinical examples of new and sometimes unexpected sensitisers and some old ones in new applications. Notable examples include the emergence of amino acid alkyl amides (AAAs), vitamin C compounds, resorcinol derivatives, glycols, metals (eg tin) and lipid/carbohydrate allergens in cosmetics; benzophenone residues in octocrylene-containing sunscreens, plastics and inks; the replacement of tosylamide/formaldehyde resin in nail varnishes by sensitising copolymers based on phthalic anhydride/adipic acid and (meth)acrylates; epoxy resin as a non-occupational contact allergen in domestically used glues; fragrances (including terpenes) in, for example, (medical) adhesives; persulfates in hot-tub detergents; isothiazolinones in leather wear and rubber gloves; chemicals such as chlorophenols in textiles and acetophenone azine in foot and sportswear; biguanides and quaternary ammonium salts used as antimicrobial agents in cosmetic and non-cosmetic products (eg wound-care products); acrylates and silicone components in medical devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]