A localization algorithm for compensating stratification effect based on improved particle swarm optimization in underwater acoustic sensor network.

The stratification effect underwater can lead to the localization errors in underwater acoustic sensor network. In order to compensate the stratification effect and improve the localization accuracy, we propose a localization algorithm based on the improved particle swarm optimization. Firstly, instead of approximating seawater as a homogeneous medium, this paper builds the layered medium model. Then the ray theory method is employed to compensate stratification effect. And the ranging with compensating for stratification effect is analyzed. Based on the ranging, the particle swarm optimization is improved to introduced into localization. Lastly, the optimal position of unknown nodes in underwater acoustic sensor network is obtained. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively compensate the stratification effect and improve localization accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]