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Dietary management of hypocitraturia in children with urolithiasis: results from a systematic review.

Authors :
Castellani, Daniele
Giulioni, Carlo
De Stefano, Virgilio
Brocca, Carlo
Fuligni, Demetra
Galosi, Andrea Benedetto
Teoh, Jeremy Yuen-Chun
Sarica, Kemal
Gauhar, Vineet
Source :
World Journal of Urology; May2023, Vol. 41 Issue 5, p1243-1250, 8p
Publication Year :
2023

Abstract

Purpose: Hypocitraturia is a low urinary excretion of citrate and a well-known risk factor for kidney stone development in children. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the dietary management of hypocitraturia in children with urolithiasis. Methods: Literature search was performed on 30th September 2022 using Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Central Controlled Register of Trials. Studies were included if children with stones and hypocitraturia were managed with diet supplements. Results: Six papers were included. Four studies evaluated the role of oral potassium citrate associated with high fluid intake on stone resolution and recurrence. Two studies assessed the impact of oral potassium citrate on long-term stone recurrence after percutaneous nephrolithotomy and shock wave lithotripsy. All studies demonstrated that the association of potassium citrate and high fluid intake was well tolerated with no side effects and restored normal urine citrate excretion, allowed a reduction in stone size, and, following definitive treatments, was associated with a lower rate of stone regrowth and recurrence compared with controls. These effects were demonstrated across all pediatric ages. Conclusions: Our review infers that oral potassium citrate and high fluid assumption are safe and effective in restoring urine citrate excretion, treating and preventing stone recurrence with no serious adverse events, and should probably be the first-line treatment of pediatric patients with asymptomatic stones and hypocitraturia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
07244983
Volume :
41
Issue :
5
Database :
Complementary Index
Journal :
World Journal of Urology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
163739456
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-023-04282-6