Role of disruptive technologies for long-term energy sustainability: An overview of the Indian scenario.

Methane is a climatic pollutant with a lifespan of only 12 years in the atmosphere. Methane makes for 57% of all oil and gas emissions, including vented and fugitive emissions. However, the oil and gas industry is critical to the global economy as well as many individual countries' economies. This study examines new technological innovations in the oil and gas business that are aimed at improving the environment. This technology will play a significant part in lowering pollution and gas emissions in the atmosphere, as well as assisting in maintaining a clean and safe environment. Technological breakthroughs have occurred in all three streams of oil and gas production, namely upstream, midstream, and downstream. The present study discusses about methods to reduce methane emissions from refineries using approaches like Methane Monitoring, Internet of Things-based monitoring etc. In addition, massive emissions from refinery can be decreased with Digital Twins. Drilling and extraction also produce a significant amount of pollutants, which can be reduced using the techniques outlined in this paper. The study discusses about crude transportation, which is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions in the environment. Finally, case studies are presented that highlights the problems encountered in Indian basins and refineries, as well as how the solutions outlined above might be implemented in India to address these issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]