Nb/a-Si/Nb Josephson junctions for high-density superconducting circuits.

We present electrical characterization data of sputtered Nb/a-Si/Nb Josephson junctions (JJs) for high-speed and high-density superconducting circuits. Junctions were studied with critical current densities ( J c ) ranging from 0.01 to 3 mA/μm² at 4 K. For junctions deposited at room temperature and processed to a maximum temperature of 150 °C, the dependence of J c on barrier thickness d is exponential, J c ∝ exp (− d / d 0) , with d 0 constant over the entire range of J c values studied. Junctions were annealed at temperatures up to 300 °C to study changes in their electrical properties and possible compatibility with high temperature fabrication processes. Current–voltage characteristics, critical current uniformity, critical current modulation with in-plane magnetic field, and sub-gap resistance behavior of these junctions were measured at 4 K and demonstrate that the junction properties do not degrade with annealing. These data indicate that Nb/a-Si/Nb JJs are a potential candidate for higher speed and higher density superconducting circuits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]