A systematic review on hazardous road locations (HRL).

Identification of hazardous road locations (HRL) is one of the most significant aspects of the highway safety management process. The primary aim of highway safety management is to minimize the frequency and severity of traffic accidents by identifying HRL and implementing necessary safety measures. This paper offers an overview of previous work regarding methods for identifying and ranking HRL. Popular methods like Empirical Bayes (EB), State of Art, Kernel Density Estimation (KDE), Improved K-MEANS Clustering, Fuzzy Cluster-Based Method, GIS-based methods, and several new methods are reviewed in our study. It is required to assess the performance of various HRL methods to validate the specified criteria. Performance evaluation using various consistency tests provides insight into the most appropriate approach for identifying HRL. Consistency tests like Site Consistency Test, Method Consistency Test, Total Rank Differences Test, Total Score Test, and some other evaluation tests are overviewed in this paper. Besides, this study highlights the approaches for profiling crash spots to evaluate the efficacy of treatment on those spots. Proper identification of active, local, and dependent factors is one of the main issues in terms of the availability of data. A generalized methodology, suitable for any HRL identification method, is also provided. This paper focuses on the inconsistency of operational definitions of hazardous locations in different countries. In this study, several HRL Identification methods in various nations are also compared. Finally, HRL identification, characterization, and road safety-related works in Bangladesh are also stated in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]