A novel method to develop nanocomposite bimodal foams containing expandable polymeric microballoons: microstructural characteristics.

This study aims to develop a novel technique in manufacturing nanocomposite bimodal foams containing expandable polymeric microballoons. Low density polyethylene syntactic foams were prepared via injection molding process, afterwards, a batch refoaming method was utilized to create bimodal structure. The effects of microballoon and nanoclay content and foaming time and temperature on microstructure and physical properties of foams were investigated. The results revealed that refoaming leads to a considerable decrease in density due to nucleation of microcells along with re-expansion of microballoons, as well as CO₂ diffusion in voids between the matrix and microballoon surfaces. Microballoon content has no significant effect on cell size of bimodal foams, while a great growth in cell density was observed as its content increased. Results also indicated that at low and high foaming temperature and time, melt strength and gas loss are the overcoming phenomena, respectively leading to an optimal processing temperature and time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]